@article {3175197, title = {Surface-Controlled Sialoside-Based Biosensing of Viral and Bacterial Neuraminidases}, journal = { Langmuir}, year = {2024}, note = {Figure 1

}, abstract = {Neuraminidases (NA) are sialic acid-cleaving enzymes that are used by both bacteria and viruses. These enzymes have sialoside structure-related binding and cleaving preferences. Differentiating between these enzymes requires using a large array of hard-to-access sialosides. In this work, we used electrochemical impedimetric biosensing to differentiate among several pathogene-related NAs. We used a limited set of sialosides and tailored the surface properties. Various sialosides were grafted on two different surfaces with unique properties. Electrografting on glassy carbon electrodes provided low-density sialoside-functionalized surfaces with a hydrophobic submonolayer. A two-step assembly on gold electrodes provided a denser sialoside layer on a negatively charged submonolayer. The synthesis of each sialoside required dozens of laborious steps. Utilizing the unique protein{\textendash}electrode interaction modes resulted in richer biodata without increasing the synthetic load. These principles allowed for profiling NAs and determining the efficacy of various antiviral inhibitors.}, author = {Israel Alshanski and Suraj Toraskar and Daniel Gordon-Levitan and Marco Massetti and Prashant Jain and Luigi Vaccaro and Raghavendra Kikkeri* and Mattan Hurevich* and Shlomo Yitzchaik*} }